A tortoise is a land-dwelling reptile of the order Testudines. Tortoises are characterised by a large domed carapace which is a hard shell covering the upper surface of the body. They have a short head with horny beak-like mouthparts and protruding eyes and elephantine hind legs and large webbed feet. Tortoises can vary in size from a few centimetres to two metres. They are usually diurnal animals with tendencies to be crepuscular depending on the ambient temperatures.
Tortoises are broadly classified into two groups according to whether they are able to withdraw their head and limbs into their shell for protection. The first group Elephantopus contains the larger varieties such as the Galápagos tortoise. The second group Cryptodira includes the smaller types such as the red-footed tortoise.
Tortoises are found in warm climates throughout the world although the larger varieties are confined to islands where there are no large mammalian predators. The smaller types are found in mainland areas and some such as the leopard tortoise are quite widespread.
Tortoises are herbivorous animals and their diet varies depending on the species. The majority of tortoises are folivores eating a diet high in leaves stems and grasses. Some tortoises such as the desert tortoise are more specialized and their diet consists mainly of cacti and other succulent plants. A few tortoises such as the gopher tortoise are omnivorous and their diet includes both plant and animal matter.
Tortoises are generally slow-moving animals and they spend a great deal of time grazing on their food. They have slow metabolic rates and can go for long periods without eating. This allows them to survive in arid environments where food is scarce.
The lifespan of a tortoise is variable depending on the species. Some tortoises can live for over 100 years while others only live for 20-30 years.
Tortoises are popular pets and many people enjoy keeping them as companions. However it is important to research the care requirements of a tortoise before making the commitment to keeping one as a pet. Tortoises need a warm dry environment and a diet that is appropriate for their species. They also need ample space to move around and should not be kept in small cages.
What does a tortoise eat?
A tortoise eats a variety of things including leafy greens vegetables and sometimes fruits.
